Within the safety and efficiency framework of industrial installations, the sealing integrity of every connection point is critical. As a critical sealing component in high-temperature and high-pressure environments, spiral wound gaskets ensure tight connections between pipelines and equipment through their exceptional adaptability and enduring reliability, guaranteeing continuous and stable system operation.
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Introduction to Spiral Wound Gaskets
The flange gasket is constructed by winding alternating layers of V-shaped or W-shaped stainless steel strips and soft fillers such as graphite, PTFE, or mica. The metallic layers provide structural strength and resistance to mechanical stress, while the fillers ensure compressibility and tight sealing. Depending on the application, outer and inner rings are added to reinforce stability and prevent blowout under high pressure.
Spiral Wound Gasket Composition：
Spiral wound gasket consists of a wound metal strip, an outer ring, and an inner ring.
Winding Metal Strip
•Function: Provides strength and elasticity, ensuring the gasket remains stable under high temperature and pressure.
•Common Materials: Stainless steel (SS304, SS316L), carbon steel, Inconel, Monel, titanium alloys, etc.
Outer Ring
•Function: Provides positioning, limits movement, prevents excessive tightening, and facilitates installation.
•Common Materials: Carbon steel, stainless steel.
Inner Ring
•Function: Prevents erosion of packing at the gasket’s inner diameter, enhances strength, and reduces medium turbulence.
•Common Materials: Typically matches the metal band material, such as SS316L, Inconel, etc.
Types of Spiral Wound Gaskets：
| Types | Composition | Key Features | Suitable Flanges / Conditions |
| CG | Sealing element + Outer ring | Prevents over-compression, easy alignment | Raised & flat face, mild to moderate service |
| CGI | Sealing element + Outer & Inner rings | Extra support, prevents buckling, resists erosion | Raised & flat face, moderate to severe service |
| R | Sealing element with reinforced windings | Stability via flange design, good sealing | Tongue & groove, male & female, flat-to-groove |
| RIR | Sealing element + Inner ring | Reduces turbulence, prevents erosion & debris | Male & female (spigot & recess) connections |
Spiral Gasket Materials
Spiral Winding Materials
| Winding Materials | Temperature Range | Max PSI/BAR | PN Range | Colour Coding |
| 304 Stainless Steel | min-250 max 550 °C | 650°C | 10-320 | Yellow |
| 316L Stainless Steel | min – 100 max 550 °C | 800°C | 10-320 | Green |
| 347 Stainless Steel | min -250 max 550 °C | 870°C | 10-320 | Blue |
| 321 Stainless Steel | min-250 max 550 °C | 870°C | 10-320 | Turquoise |
| Monel 400 | min -125 max 600 °C | 800°C | 10-320 | Orange |
| Nickel 200 | min – 250 max 600 °C | 600°C | 10-320 | Red |
| Titanium | min – 250 max 350 °C | 450°C | 10-320 | Purple |
| Hastelloy B-2 | min – 200 max 450 °C | 500°C | 10-320 | Brown |
| Hastelloy C-276 | min -200 max 450 °C | 450°C | 10-320 | Beige |
| Inconel 600 | min – 100 max 950 °C | 1000°C | 10-320 | Gold |
| Incoloy 825 | min -100 max 450 °C | 450°C | 10-320 | Gold |
Filler Materials:
| Filler Materials | Temperature Range | Max PSI/BAR | PN Range | Colour Coding |
| Graphite | min -200 max 550 °C | 250 bar | 10- 320 | Grey Stripe |
| PTFE | min – 200 max 250 °C | 100 bar | 10- 320 | White Stripe |
| Nonas | min – 100 max 250 °C | 100 bar | 10-320 | Pink Stripe |
| Mica | min -200 max 1000 °C | 100 bar | 10-320 | Light Green Stripe |
Advantages of Spiral Wound Gaskets:
•Reliable sealing under high temperature and pressure.
•Excellent resilience and recovery after load changes.
•Suitable for a wide range of corrosive and non-corrosive media.
•Long service life with reduced maintenance needs.
•Compliant with international standards such as ASME B16.20.
Applications：
Spiral wound gaskets are indispensable sealing components in petrochemical and refining installations, particularly suited for demanding conditions such as high temperatures, high pressures, and toxic chemicals. They also perform reliably in cryogenic environments, including deep-cold units in chemical plants, research laboratories, and various low-temperature facilities.
These flange gaskets are commonly found in critical equipment like pumps, pipelines, valves, and heat exchangers, maintaining reliability even under chemical corrosion, extreme temperature fluctuations, or high-pressure impacts. Their structural design combines flexibility and elasticity, ensuring sustained seal integrity during system fluctuations. This makes them the preferred sealing solution for numerous demanding industrial applications.
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