What Material Is ASTM A182?

In industrial piping systems, the choice of material for flanges is critical to ensuring the long-term stable operation of the system. ASTM A182 is a forged steel standard widely used in high-pressure, high-temperature environments, and it has an irreplaceable position in industries such as oil, gas, and chemical. So what exactly is ASTM A182 and why is it widely used in these industries? In this article, we will analyze the material properties, application scope and advantages of ASTM A182 in detail.

What Is ASTM A182?

ASTM A182 is a standard published by ASTM（American Society for Testing and Materials）, the International Organization for Standardization, for forged or rolled alloy steel, stainless steel flanges, fittings, valves, and components for high temperature service conditions. It includes materials suitable for high strength, corrosion resistance, and for withstanding high temperature environments.

Materials included in ASTM A182:

ASTM A182 covers a wide range of steel grades, including alloy steels, stainless steels, and duplex stainless steels. These materials are selected for their excellent performance in high temperature environments and are commonly used in the production of piping components such as flanges, valves, and fittings.

Material	Grade
Alloy Steel	ASTM A182 F5/F9/F11/F12/F22/F91/F92
Stainless Steel	ASTM A182 F304/304L/304H、F316/316L、F317、F310S、F321、F347、F904L
Duplex Stainless Steel	ASTM A182 F44/F51/F53/F55/F60

Chemical Composition of ASTM A182:

Alloy Steel:

CHEMICAL	LIMITS	C	Mn	P	S	Si	Ni	Cr	Mo	Cb
ASTM A182 F5	MIN		0.30					4.00	0.44
	MAX	0.15	0.60	0.030	0.030	0.50	0.50	6.00	0.65
ASTM A182 F9	MIN		0.30			0.50		8.00	0.90
	MAX	0.15	0.60	0.030	0.030	1.00		10.00	1.10
ASTM A182 F11 CL1	MIN	0.05	0.30			0.50		1.00	0.44
	MAX	0.15	0.60	0.03	0.03	1.00		1.50	0.65
ASTM A182 F11 CL2	MIN	0.10	0.30			0.50		1.00	0.44
	MAX	0.20	0.80	0.04	0.04	1.00		1.50	0.65
ASTM A182 F11 CL3	MIN	0.05	0.30			0.50		1.00	0.44
	MAX	0.15	0.60	0.03	0.03	1.00		1.50	0.65
ASTM A182 F12 CL1	MIN	0.05	0.30					0.80	0.44
	MAX	0.15	0.60	0.45	0.45	0.50		1.25	0.65
ASTM A182 F12 CL2	MIN	0.10	0.30			0.10		0.80	0.44
	MAX	0.20	0.80	0.40	0.40	0.60		1.25	0.65
ASTM A182 F22 CL1，CL3	MIN	0.05	0.30					2.00	0.87
	MAX	0.15	0.60	0.04	0.04	0.50		2.50	1.13
ASTM A182 F91	MIN	0.08	0.30			0.02		8.00	0.85	0.06
	MAX	0.12	0.60	0.02	0.01	0.50	0.40	9.50	1.05	0.10
ASTM A182 F92	MIN	0.07	0.30					8.50	0.30	0.04
	MAX	0.13	0.60	0.02	0.01	0.50	0.40	9.50	0.60	0.09

Stainless Steel:

CHEMICAL	LIMITS	C	Mn	P	S	Si	Ni	Cr	Mo	N	Ti	Cu
ASTM A182 F304	MIN						8.0	18.0
	MAX	0.08	2.00	0.045	0.030	1.00	11.0	20.0		0.10
ASTM A182 F304H	MIN	0.04					8.00	18.00
	MAX	0.10	2.00	0.045	0.030	1.00	11.00	20.00
ASTM A182 F304L	MIN						8.00	18.00
	MAX	0.03	2.00	0.045	0.030	1.00	13.00	20.00		0.10
ASTM A182 F316	MIN						10.0	16.0	2.00
	MAX	0.08	2.00	0.045	0.030	1.00	14.0	18.0	3.00	0.10
ASTM A182 F316L	MIN						10.00	16.0	2.00
	MAX	0.03	2.00	0.045	0.030	1.00	15.00	18.0	3.00	0.10
ASTM A182 F317	MIN						11.00	18.00	3.00
	MAX	0.08	2.00	0.05	0.03	1.00	15.00	20.00	4.00
ASTM A182 F321	MIN						9.00	17.00		0.10	5(C+N)
	MAX	0.08	2.00	0.05	0.03	1.00	12.00	19.00			0.70
ASTM A182 F321H	MIN	0.04					9.00	17.00			4（C+N)
	MAX	0.10	2.00	0.045	0.030	1.00	12.00	19.00			0.7
ASTM A182 F347	MIN						9.00	17.00
	MAX	0.08	2.00	0.045	0.030	1.00	13.00	20.00
ASTM A182 F904L  (N08904)	MIN						23.00	19.00	4.00			1.00
	MAX	0.02	2.00	0.040	0.030	1.00	28.00	23.00	5.00	0.10		2.00

Duplex Stainless Steel:

CHEMICAL	LIMITS	C	Mn	P	S	Si	Ni	Cr	Mo	N	Cu	W
ASTM A182 F51	MIN						4.50	21.00	2.50	0.08
	MAX	0.03	2.00	0.030	0.020	1.00	6.50	23.00	3.50	0.20
ASTM A182 F53	MIN						6.00	24.00	3.00	0.24
	MAX	0.03	1.20	0.035	0.020	0.80	8.00	26.00	5.00	0.32	0.50
ASTM A182 F55	MIN						6.00	24.00	3.00	0.20	0.50	0.50
	MAX	0.03	1.00	0.030	0.010	1.00	8.00	26.00	4.00	0.30	1.00	1.00
ASTM A182 F60	MIN						4.50	22.00	3.00	0.14
	MAX	0.03	2.00	0.030	0.020	1.00	6.50	23.00	3.50	0.20

Alloy Steel vs Stainless Steel vs Duplex Stainless Steel:

Property	Alloy Steel	Stainless Steel	Duplex Stainless Steel
Typical Materials	ASTM A182 F1, F5, F9, F11, F22, F91, etc.	ASTM A182 F304, F316, F304L, F316L, etc.	ASTM A182 F44 (2205), F51 (2507), etc.
Corrosion Resistance	Poor	Good	Excellent
High-Temperature Performance	Good	Poor	Excellent
Mechanical Properties	High strength, wear resistance, suitable for high-pressure systems.	Moderate strength, good ductility and formability.	High strength, good ductility, and crack resistance.
Applications	High-pressure, high-temperature equipment, boiler parts, oil pipelines, etc.	Chemical, food, pharmaceutical, marine, and other corrosive environments.	Petrochemical, marine engineering, and equipment in corrosive environments.
Welding Performance	Good, but may require preheating and post-welding treatment.	Good, especially low-carbon stainless steels have better welding properties.	Good, but care is needed to avoid stress corrosion cracking post-welding.
Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance	Medium	Poor	Excellent
Cost	Relatively low, cheaper compared to stainless and duplex stainless steels.	Higher, especially 304 and 316 grades of stainless steel are more expensive.	Higher, due to the added alloy elements and duplex structure cost.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)：

What’s better, 304 or 316 stainless?

304 stainless steel is a versatile and cost-effective option for most general applications with good corrosion resistance. However, 316 stainless steel is more suitable for harsh environments, especially those exposed to chlorides or seawater, because of its added molybdenum for greater corrosion resistance.

ZIZI specializes in the production of flanges of various materials and standards, and the products are widely used in many industries, such as petroleum, chemical, electric power, shipbuilding, pharmaceutical, food, construction and so on.

17 7 月, 2025